2Samuel 5-6

Thursday Evening Bible Study

June 28, 2012

Introduction

Do people see Jesus? Is the gospel preached? Does it speak to the broken hearted? Does it build up the church? Milk – Meat – Manna Preach for a decision Is the church loved?

When Saul was killed in a battle with the Philistines, the tribe of Judah asked David to be their king. The rest of Israel, under the influence of Saul’s general, Abner, asked Saul’s son Ishbosheth to be their king.

There was war between the two sides.  Both Abner and Ishbosheth die stupid, senseless deaths.  David had nothing to do with either man’s death.

Now it’s time for David to rule. David has been ruling from the city of Hebron.

5:1-5 David rules Israel

:1 Then all the tribes of Israel came to David at Hebron and spoke, saying, “Indeed we are your bone and your flesh.

:1 all the tribes of Israel came to David

1 & 2Chronicles parallels much of what we read about in 1 & 2Samuel and the Kings, but with a slightly different perspective.

The writer of Chronicles tells us that each of the tribes sends men to join David’s army, something like 350,000 joining David (1Chr. 12).

:2 Also, in time past, when Saul was king over us, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them in; and the Lord said to you, ‘You shall shepherd My people Israel, and be ruler over Israel.’ ”

:2 You shall shepherd

The shepherd boy has become the shepherd over Israel.

Sometimes we drag our feet at doing the lowly, menial things before us, like tending the “sheep”.  But sometimes those lowly things are training for what’s up ahead.

Israel’s leaders will be referred to as “shepherds”

Ultimately all human leaders are only “under shepherds” because the people are God’s flock.

(Ps 23:1 NKJV) The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want.
(Ps 100:3 NKJV) Know that the Lord, He is God; It is He who has made us, and not we ourselves; We are His people and the sheep of His pasture.

:3 Therefore all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, and King David made a covenant with them at Hebron before the Lord. And they anointed David king over Israel.

:3 they anointed Davidmashach – to smear, anoint, spread a liquid.

This is the root of the word “Messiah”, the “anointed one”.

:4 David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

:5 In Hebron he reigned over Judah seven years and six months, and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty-three years over all Israel and Judah.

:5 seven years and six months

From the time of Saul’s death, it took 7 ½ years for Israel to finally realize that David was to be king.

Lesson

Give it time

The “anointing” of the people only mirrors what God had already done through Samuel years earlier when David was a young man (before he killed Goliath):
(1 Sa 16:13 NKJV) Then Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the midst of his brothers; and the Spirit of the Lord came upon David from that day forward. So Samuel arose and went to Ramah.
Sometimes God puts a call on our lives long before it actually takes place.
Don’t get discouraged. David had to learn a lot of lessons before he reached this point – killing Goliath, serving Saul, running from Saul, killing Philistines …
We think that David could have been something like twelve to fifteen years old at the time. But David is now thirty-seven years old when he is finally crowned king of Israel.
We might get upset at the people of Israel for taking so long to finally realize that David was to be their king. Yet sometimes it takes time to take a shepherd of sheep and make him a shepherd of men.
Sometimes God has to do a work in the people that are going to be led as well.
Don’t be impatient when the things you think God has promised you don’t happen overnight.

Pastor Chuck was in ministry for seventeen years before he moved his family to Costa Mesa to pastor a little church of twenty-five people.

I knew that God had called me to be a pastor when I was eighteen years old. But I didn’t become a senior pastor until I was thirty-eight years old. Now I’m almost twenty years older and I’m still learning.

5:6-16 Jerusalem Conquered

:6 And the king and his men went to Jerusalem against the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land, who spoke to David, saying, “You shall not come in here; but the blind and the lame will repel you,” thinking, “David cannot come in here.”

:6 JerusalemY@ruwshalaim - “teaching of peace”

Play Hebron to Jerusalem map.

This was a city that was given partly to Judah (Josh 15:8) and partly to Benjamin (Josh 18:28).
It is twenty miles north of Hebron. With the entire nation wanting him to be their king, David chooses to find a new capitol, since Hebron was the traditional capitol of Judah. It seems he doesn’t want to be the King of Judah reigning over Israel, but the King of Israel. Perhaps there is something of reaching out to the tribe of Benjamin, Saul’s tribe, as well.

:6 Jebusites – Canaanites, descendants of Jebus, one of the sons of Canaan (Gen. 10:16).

These were supposed to be people that Israel was supposed to remove from the land:

(Dt 20:17 NKJV) but you shall utterly destroy them: the Hittite and the Amorite and the Canaanite and the Perizzite and the Hivite and the Jebusite, just as the Lord your God has commanded you,

These were some of the people that Israel had not yet removed. (Jos 15:63; Jdg 1:21)

(Jos 15:63 NKJV) —63 As for the Jebusites, the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the children of Judah could not drive them out; but the Jebusites dwell with the children of Judah at Jerusalem to this day.
(Jdg 1:21 NKJV) —21 But the children of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites who inhabited Jerusalem; so the Jebusites dwell with the children of Benjamin in Jerusalem to this day.

Up to this point, this is still one of the cities that has not been fully claimed for Israel.

:6 the blind and the lame

The Jebusites think their city is so safe from attack that they taunt David by saying that the weakest people could keep David out.

:7 Nevertheless David took the stronghold of Zion (that is, the City of David).

:8 Now David said on that day, “Whoever climbs up by way of the water shaft and defeats the Jebusites (the lame and the blind, who are hated by David’s soul), he shall be chief and captain.” Therefore they say, “The blind and the lame shall not come into the house.”

:7 Zion … City of David

ZionTsiyown – “sunny” or “parched place”.

The name of this hill becomes synonymous with Jerusalem.

Jerusalem will become David’s capitol city.

There are two cities called the “city of David”, the other city is Bethlehem.

:8 the water shaft

In the cities of ancient Israel, a chief concern is always water. In Jerusalem, there is one main spring, the Gihon. Unfortunately, the Gihon was located outside the ancient city of Jerusalem.

Years after David, King Hezekiah would dig a long tunnel through solid rock in order to bring the water directly into the city and keep the city’s water supply safe during the siege of the Assyrians.

In David’s day, the Canaanites had built some sort of covered passageway to get to the spring when the city was under siege. There is a shaft (“Warren’s Shaft”) in the passageway as you go to Hezekiah’s tunnel, and some think this might have been the shaft that David’s men climbed up through to get into the city. Others aren’t sure this is the same shaft.

Play “Hezekiah Tunnel Shaft”

Chronicles tells us who accepted David’s challenge:

(1 Ch 11:6 NKJV) Now David said, “Whoever attacks the Jebusites first shall be chief and captain.” And Joab the son of Zeruiah went up first, and became chief.
Some have suggested that Joab had been demoted after killing Abner. With the taking of Jerusalem, Joab once again becomes the top general in David’s army.

:8 the lame and the blind … hated

(2 Sa 5:8 NLT) On the day of the attack, David said to his troops, “I hate those ‘lame’ and ‘blind’ Jebusites. Whoever attacks them should strike by going into the city through the water tunnel.” That is the origin of the saying, “The blind and the lame may not enter the house.”

Apparently there was a saying going around at the time about the lame and the blind. It came from the taunt that the Jebusites made towards David.
David’s “hatred” wasn’t about the handicapped, but about those pesky Jebusites.

:9 Then David dwelt in the stronghold, and called it the City of David. And David built all around from the Millo and inward.

:9 Millomillow– “rampart” or “mound; a part of the fortifications of Jerusalem

Play “Jerusalem sized” map video

Jerusalem has grown greatly since David’s day. This is Jerusalem today. In Jesus’ day it was a bit smaller. Yet in David’s day, the city was just located along the side of one hill in the Kidron Valley.
Show picture with outline of David’s Jerusalem.

:10 So David went on and became great, and the Lord God of hosts was with him.

:11 Then Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David, and cedar trees, and carpenters and masons. And they built David a house.

:11 Hiram king of Tyre

Hiram was king of the city of Tyre, the chief city of the Phoenicians, a sea-faring people. Tyre is north of Israel in modern Lebanon.

Hiram would later help Solomon build the temple (1Ki. 5:1)

(1 Ki 5:1 NKJV) —1 Now Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants to Solomon, because he heard that they had anointed him king in place of his father, for Hiram had always loved David.

:11 housebayith – house.

The idea is that David now has a “king’s house”, something like a “palace”. For kings in those days, it was considered essential for a king to build his own royal palace to authenticate his kingdom.

There is an area excavated on the northern portion of the ancient City of David that is referred to as the palace of the kings of Judah, the house of David. It dates back to the time of Zedekiah the last king of Judah, but may be the location of David’s house as well.

Play “City of David” clip.

:12 So David knew that the Lord had established him as king over Israel, and that He had exalted His kingdom for the sake of His people Israel.

:12 David knew

It seems that there was something about the building of the “house” where it finally sunk into David’s heart that he was actually the king.

:12 for the sake of His people Israel

Lesson

Others

This ought to be the attitude of the godly leader. It’s not about “me”, it’s about “others”.
The “gifting” that God gives us are not for ourselves, but for the sake of others.
(1 Co 12:7 NLT) A spiritual gift is given to each of us so we can help each other.
We need to be thinking of others more than ourselves.
(Php 2:3–4 NLT) —3 Don’t be selfish; don’t try to impress others. Be humble, thinking of others as better than yourselves. 4 Don’t look out only for your own interests, but take an interest in others, too.
Illustration
A young man called his mother and announced excitedly that he had just met the woman of his dreams! Now what should he do? His mother advised: “Send her flowers, and on the card invite her to your place for a home-cooked meal!” So that’s what he did. His mother called the day after the big date to see how things had gone. “The evening was a disaster,” he moaned. “Why, didn’t she come over?” asked his mother. “Oh, she came over, but she refused to cook...”

We ought to learn to serve others and not expect to be “served”.

Jesus said,
(Mt 20:25–28 NLT) —25 But Jesus called them together and said, “You know that the rulers in this world lord it over their people, and officials flaunt their authority over those under them. 26 But among you it will be different. Whoever wants to be a leader among you must be your servant, 27 and whoever wants to be first among you must become your slave. 28 For even the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve others and to give his life as a ransom for many.”

:13 And David took more concubines and wives from Jerusalem, after he had come from Hebron. Also more sons and daughters were born to David.

:13 more concubines and wives

David already has seven wives (six mentioned in 2Sam. 3:2-5 plus Michal, his first wife). Now he takes more wives.

We talked last week about the practice of kings and multiple wives – as a way of forming political alliances with neighboring countries.  It wasn’t just about sex.

We saw before that God has a law concerning kings and wives:

(Dt 17:17 NKJV) Neither shall he multiply wives for himself, lest his heart turn away…

:14 Now these are the names of those who were born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon,

:15 Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia,

:16 Elishama, Eliada, and Eliphelet.

:14 Solomon

Even though you could make a case of David doing things wrong because of the many wives, God will bring good out of it. 

David’s great sin would be with Bathsheba in Jerusalem. 

Yet Bathsheba would one day give birth to a son, Solomon, who would rule in David’s place and build the temple.

5:17-25 Philistine Wars

:17 Now when the Philistines heard that they had anointed David king over Israel, all the Philistines went up to search for David. And David heard of it and went down to the stronghold.

:17 all the Philistines went up

I wonder if this included David’s Philistine “buddy”, Ahimelech, the king of Gath?

:18 The Philistines also went and deployed themselves in the Valley of Rephaim.

:18 Rephaimrapha– giants, Rephaim

We’ll see in a minute where this is.  It’s interesting that the Philistines (where Goliath was from) are gathering in the valley of the “giants”.

:19 So David inquired of the Lord, saying, “Shall I go up against the Philistines? Will You deliver them into my hand?” And the Lord said to David, “Go up, for I will doubtless deliver the Philistines into your hand.”

:20 So David went to Baal Perazim, and David defeated them there; and he said, “The Lord has broken through my enemies before me, like a breakthrough of water.” Therefore he called the name of that place Baal Perazim.

:20 Baal PerazimBa‘al P@‘ratsiym – “lord of the breakthrough”

Play Rephaim battle map.

While David is being established in Jerusalem, the Philistines are gathering their armies from their coastal cities and preparing for war.
They march up into the hills into the Valley of Rephaim, which is southwest of Jerusalem.
David gathers his army north of the valley and attacks.

:21 And they left their images there, and David and his men carried them away.

:22 Then the Philistines went up once again and deployed themselves in the Valley of Rephaim.

Josephus records (Antiquities, 7:2:75) that when the Philistines came back the second time, they had an army three times the size of their original army.

:23 Therefore David inquired of the Lord, and He said, “You shall not go up; circle around behind them, and come upon them in front of the mulberry trees.

:24 And it shall be, when you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the mulberry trees, then you shall advance quickly. For then the Lord will go out before you to strike the camp of the Philistines.”

:25 And David did so, as the Lord commanded him; and he drove back the Philistines from Geba as far as Gezer.

:25 Geba … Gezer

Gezer had recently added to their city limits, but David was only able to push the Philistines back to the old city, or as far as the “Old Gezer” … ;-)

Play Geba Gezer map

From where the last battle was, Geba and Gezer are to the north of Jerusalem.
It looks as if the Philistines were trying to get to David any way they could.

:24 when you hear the sound of …

Lesson

Fresh Directions

It’s important to remember that if we are going to be led by the Lord, there are going to be times when He simply does things differently.
David faced two battles, and both battles worked differently.
Yet God was involved in both battles.
(Is 43:19 NKJV) Behold, I will do a new thing, Now it shall spring forth; Shall you not know it? I will even make a road in the wilderness And rivers in the desert.
It’s important that we learn to face our battles like David did – always asking God for directions.
What if God wanted to do something new in your life?

Will you be aware of it?

Jesus said,
(Jn 3:8 NKJV) The wind blows where it wishes, and you hear the sound of it, but cannot tell where it comes from and where it goes. So is everyone who is born of the Spirit.”

The Spirit will work the way He wants to work.  The real issue is whether or not I’m going to be open enough to the work of the Spirit to follow where He’s going.

6:1-23 The Ark comes to Jerusalem

:1 Again David gathered all the choice men of Israel, thirty thousand.

:2 And David arose and went with all the people who were with him from Baale Judah to bring up from there the ark of God, whose name is called by the Name, the Lord of Hosts, who dwells between the cherubim.

:2 Baale Judah  “the lords of Judah”. 

A place in Judah named for the Baalim, also known as Kirjath-jearim, Kirjath-baal. This is where the Ark had ended up after going through its Philistine visit.

:2 the ark of God – this is the Ark of the Covenant, the gold covered box built by Moses to house the two stone tablets with the Ten Commandments written on them.

The Ark was to be a picture of God’s throne in heaven.

:2 bring up from there the ark …

When David gathers the people, he gives them his reason for wanting to move the Ark:

(1 Ch 13:3 NKJV) and let us bring the ark of our God back to us, for we have not inquired at it since the days of Saul.”

It’s sad to think that this is the nation of God’s chosen people, yet they had not taken advantage of the things that God had given to them.  They had not cultivated a close relationship with the Lord.

That would be kind of like a Christian not reading their Bible.
We have the most amazing book in the universe and don’t pick it up?

:3 So they set the ark of God on a new cart, and brought it out of the house of Abinadab, which was on the hill; and Uzzah and Ahio, the sons of Abinadab, drove the new cart.

:3 drove the new cart

Houston, we have a problem.

They are moving the Ark in the wrong way.

God designed the Ark to be carried on the shoulders of the priests (Num. 7:6-9), not placed on an ox cart.

(Nu 7:9 NKJV) …because theirs was the service of the holy things, which they carried on their shoulders.

The idea of transporting the Ark on an oxcart came from the Philistines.

About fifty years earlier, the Philistines had fought against Israel and had captured the Ark of the Covenant in battle.  When they found out that they really didn’t like what happened to them when the Ark was in Philistine hands, they decided to return the Ark back to Israel.  They returned it by putting it on an oxcart,

:4 And they brought it out of the house of Abinadab, which was on the hill, accompanying the ark of God; and Ahio went before the ark.

:5 Then David and all the house of Israel played music before the Lord on all kinds of instruments of fir wood, on harps, on stringed instruments, on tambourines, on sistrums, and on cymbals.

:6 And when they came to Nachon’s threshing floor, Uzzah put out his hand to the ark of God and took hold of it, for the oxen stumbled.

It happens somewhere along the road to Jerusalem.  You are going up the hill to get to Jerusalem.

:7 Then the anger of the Lord was aroused against Uzzah, and God struck him there for his error; and he died there by the ark of God.

:7 God struck him

For the simple act of touch the Ark to try and keep it from falling off the cart, God puts Uzzah to death.

Actually, the root problem isn’t that Uzzah touched the Ark, the root problem is that they were transporting the Ark improperly, which led to Uzzah touching it.

Lesson

Holiness

Holiness is that quality about God describing His absolute purity, glory, power, and absence of sin.
From time to time God needs to remind His people that He is not like us.
Lev.9:22 - 10:3  Nadab and Abihu were killed instantly by God’s holiness when the Tabernacle was first set up because they weren’t doing things right.
We see it in the establishment of the early church – Ananias and Sapphira.

They were struck dead because they thought they could get away with lying and pretending to be something they weren’t. (Acts 5)

There is a big difference between what we think of as “pure” and what God thinks of as “pure”
We can only know God because of what Jesus did on the cross, but God still wants us to learn to live holy lives here...
(1 Pe 1:14–16 NKJV) —14 as obedient children, not conforming yourselves to the former lusts, as in your ignorance; 15 but as He who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, 16 because it is written, “Be holy, for I am holy.”

:8 And David became angry because of the Lord’s outbreak against Uzzah; and he called the name of the place Perez Uzzah to this day.

:9 David was afraid of the Lord that day; and he said, “How can the ark of the Lord come to me?”

David is afraid that horrible things might happen if he brings the Ark to Jerusalem.

:10 So David would not move the ark of the Lord with him into the City of David; but David took it aside into the house of Obed-Edom the Gittite.

:10 Obed-EdomObedEdowm – “servant of Edom”. 

Apparently this man had lived at one time in the Philistine city of Gath, hence a “Gittite”.

My guess is that he’s a Levite based on the things spoken of him in 1Chronicles.

We will see this man and his family play an important role in the Temple.

Apparently the experience he will have taking care of the Ark will set him up for helping in the Temple.

:11 The ark of the Lord remained in the house of Obed-Edom the Gittite three months. And the Lord blessed Obed-Edom and all his household.

:11 the Lord blessed Obed-Edom

Just how did God bless Obed-Edom?  How could David tell that God had blessed him?

(1 Ch 26:4–5 NLT) —4 The sons of Obed-edom, also gatekeepers, were Shemaiah (the oldest), Jehozabad (the second), Joah (the third), Sacar (the fourth), Nethanel (the fifth), 5 Ammiel (the sixth), Issachar (the seventh), and Peullethai (the eighth). God had richly blessed Obed-edom.
I hope this isn’t too much of a stretch for you, but I think that Obed-Edom was considered “blessed” because he had a lot of kids.
I wonder if Obededom’s wife (or wives) didn’t become pregnant while the Ark was at his house.  Maybe the same happened with the daughter-in-laws as well.

Lesson

Children are a blessing

Sometimes if we’re not careful, we can get to thinking that our children are just “in the way”.  Children aren’t supposed to be thought of as a “hindrance”, they are a blessing!
(Ps 127 NKJV) — A Song of Ascents. Of Solomon. 1 Unless the Lord builds the house, They labor in vain who build it; Unless the Lord guards the city, The watchman stays awake in vain. 2 It is vain for you to rise up early, To sit up late, To eat the bread of sorrows; For so He gives His beloved sleep. 3 Behold, children are a heritage from the Lord, The fruit of the womb is a reward. 4 Like arrows in the hand of a warrior, So are the children of one’s youth. 5 Happy is the man who has his quiver full of them; They shall not be ashamed, But shall speak with their enemies in the gate.

:12 Now it was told King David, saying, “The Lord has blessed the house of Obed-Edom and all that belongs to him, because of the ark of God.” So David went and brought up the ark of God from the house of Obed-Edom to the City of David with gladness.

David can tell that God is doing something at Obed-Edom’s house.  And he wants what Obed-Edom’s got.

Can people tell that God is doing something at your house? Do they want Jesus because of what’s going on in your life?

:12 brought up the ark

David hadn’t understood what had happened when Uzzah was killed.  He thought he was doing a good thing, having the Ark in his capitol.  But he didn’t realize that he was doing it the wrong way.

The writer of Chronicles gives us a hint that while the Ark sat at Obed-Edom’s house, somebody must have decided to search the Scriptures to find out what went wrong.  They realized they needed to have the priests carry the Ark (1Ch. 15:12-13)

Later, David will report to the priests:

(1 Ch 15:12–13 NLT) —12 He said to them, “You are the leaders of the Levite families. You must purify yourselves and all your fellow Levites, so you can bring the Ark of the Lord, the God of Israel, to the place I have prepared for it. 13 Because you Levites did not carry the Ark the first time, the anger of the Lord our God burst out against us. We failed to ask God how to move it properly.”
Now they’ll do it right.

:13 And so it was, when those bearing the ark of the Lord had gone six paces, that he sacrificed oxen and fatted sheep.

This wasn’t required by God, perhaps David is just trying to be extra careful.

:14 Then David danced before the Lord with all his might; and David was wearing a linen ephod.

:15 So David and all the house of Israel brought up the ark of the Lord with shouting and with the sound of the trumpet.

:16 Now as the ark of the Lord came into the City of David, Michal, Saul’s daughter, looked through a window and saw King David leaping and whirling before the Lord; and she despised him in her heart.

Michal was David’s first wife.  She was the daughter of King Saul.  She knew how a king was supposed to behave, and in her eyes, David was making a fool of himself.

:17 So they brought the ark of the Lord, and set it in its place in the midst of the tabernacle that David had erected for it. Then David offered burnt offerings and peace offerings before the Lord.

:17 the tabernacle

This is not the “Tabernacle” that Moses had set up to originally house the Ark.  David sets up his own tent to be a house for the Ark.  Moses’ Tabernacle is still in existence, but it is at Gibeon (1Chr. 16:39; 21:29; 2Chr. 1:3) and would remain there at least through Solomon’s reign.

:18 And when David had finished offering burnt offerings and peace offerings, he blessed the people in the name of the Lord of hosts.

:19 Then he distributed among all the people, among the whole multitude of Israel, both the women and the men, to everyone a loaf of bread, a piece of meat, and a cake of raisins. So all the people departed, everyone to his house.

:20 Then David returned to bless his household. And Michal the daughter of Saul came out to meet David, and said, “How glorious was the king of Israel today, uncovering himself today in the eyes of the maids of his servants, as one of the base fellows shamelessly uncovers himself!”

:21 So David said to Michal, “It was before the Lord, who chose me instead of your father and all his house, to appoint me ruler over the people of the Lord, over Israel. Therefore I will play music before the Lord.

:22 And I will be even more undignified than this, and will be humble in my own sight. But as for the maidservants of whom you have spoken, by them I will be held in honor.”

:21 It was before the Lord

David wasn’t dancing to make Michal admire him.  He was dancing out of love and worship to His God.

Lesson

Worship God

I think that sometimes we are way too concerned about what others are thinking when we worship at church.
I know that at some churches, people get way out of hand.  I’m not advocating that we go cart wheeling down the aisles of the church, waving ribbons and stuff.  I do believe that we ought to do all things “decently and in order” (1Cor. 14:40).
But if I were to “evaluate” our times of worship, I would have to say that we tend to err on the side of being too cautious.  I think we’re a little too afraid of what Michal thinks.
I think we ought to be more concerned about what God thinks.  I think we ought to be a tad more like David.

:23 Therefore Michal the daughter of Saul had no children to the day of her death.

:23 had no children

The implication might be that David and Michal were no longer intimate from that time on.  It could be that she was simply unable to have children from this time.

Lesson

Bitterness blocks the blessing

At the house of Obed-Edom, the family was blessed with children because of God’s presence with the Ark.
Yet at David’s house, the bitterness of Michal is choking out the blessing from her life.
She seems more concerned about what other people think than what God thinks.  She is more concerned about maintaining her image as the “Queen” before her servants than she is about being a worshipper of God.