Judges 3-4

Thursday Evening Bible Study

September 8, 2011

Introduction

Do people see Jesus? Is the gospel preached? Does it speak to the broken hearted? Does it build up the church? Milk – Meat – Manna Preach for a decision

The book of Judges gives us little historical vignettes during that four hundred year period between the conquest of the Promised Land under Joshua, and the beginnings of the kingdom.

In the book, we have begun to see the spiritual roller coaster ride of the nation of Israel.  They kept repeating the cycle of falling away from the Lord, going through difficult times, crying out to God, being restored back to God, and then falling away again.

3:1-6 Leftovers

:1 Now these are the nations which the LORD left, that He might test Israel by them, that is, all who had not known any of the wars in Canaan

:2 (this was only so that the generations of the children of Israel might be taught to know war, at least those who had not formerly known it),

:1 test Israelnacah – prove, put to the proof or test

Lesson

Tests

Sometimes God will allow His people to experience difficulty for the purpose of “testing” them.
He wants to show us what we are made of – He already knows.
Sometimes we go through difficulty and we cry out, “I can’t take it any more”.
Is that really true?  Has God allowed things to go beyond what we are capable of handling?
Paul wrote,

(1 Co 10:13 NKJV) No temptation has overtaken you except such as is common to man; but God is faithful, who will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but with the temptation will also make the way of escape, that you may be able to bear it.

The word “temptation” and “tempted” are based on Greek words that have the exact same idea of nacah.  It’s not just about temptations to sin, but difficulties in general.

God promises to not allow us to be in a situation that we can’t handle.

If I’m in a difficult situation, God must think I can handle it.

Sometimes I have to prove that to myself.

:2 might be taught to know war

Lesson

The reality of war

Whether we realize it or not, we are in a very real war.
(Eph 6:11–13 NKJV) —11 Put on the whole armor of God, that you may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. 12 For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this age, against spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places. 13 Therefore take up the whole armor of God, that you may be able to withstand in the evil day, and having done all, to stand.
Sometimes the war is right in your face.  Sometimes there are people persecuting you for following Jesus.
Sometimes the war is behind the scenes – the temptation to ease up in your walk, to not “be so serious” about this “God-stuff”.

If the enemy can get you to go to sleep, it’s just as good as if he killed you in combat.

God is allowing Israel to have “enemies” to teach them the skills of war.
Our difficult times ought to strengthen our hand, teach us to cling to God.

:3 namely, five lords of the Philistines, all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites who dwelt in Mount Lebanon, from Mount Baal Hermon to the entrance of Hamath.

Play Israel’s enemies map video

The Philistines lived in the coastal plains in the southwest.

The Canaanites were scattered throughout the land

The Sidonians lived in the northwest on the coast.

These Hivites lived in the mountain region in the northeast.

:4 And they were left, that He might test Israel by them, to know whether they would obey the commandments of the Lord, which He had commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses.

:5 Thus the children of Israel dwelt among the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites.

:6 And they took their daughters to be their wives, and gave their daughters to their sons; and they served their gods.

:6 they took their daughters to be their wives

Lesson

Consequences of sin

Just before crossing into the Promised Land, God warned the people through Moses about this very thing:
(Dt 7:3–4 NKJV) —3 Nor shall you make marriages with them. You shall not give your daughter to their son, nor take their daughter for your son. 4 For they will turn your sons away from following Me, to serve other gods; so the anger of the Lord will be aroused against you and destroy you suddenly.

We’re going to watch this played out – the results of people not following God’s clear commandments.

The entire book of Judges is going to be an example of what happens when God’s people turn their backs on God’s ways.

You may not think that it’s that big of a deal to do things God’s way, but it is.

God isn’t “spoiling our fun”, He’s preserving our life.

People will think, “It’s okay to flirt even if I’m married.”  Guys will spend time looking at things online that they shouldn’t be looking at.

Solomon wrote,
(Pr 6:23–35 NKJV) —23 For the commandment is a lamp, And the law a light; Reproofs of instruction are the way of life, 24 To keep you from the evil woman, From the flattering tongue of a seductress. 25 Do not lust after her beauty in your heart, Nor let her allure you with her eyelids. 26 For by means of a harlot A man is reduced to a crust of bread; And an adulteress will prey upon his precious life. 27 Can a man take fire to his bosom, And his clothes not be burned? 28 Can one walk on hot coals, And his feet not be seared? 29 So is he who goes in to his neighbor’s wife; Whoever touches her shall not be innocent. 30 People do not despise a thief If he steals to satisfy himself when he is starving. 31 Yet when he is found, he must restore sevenfold; He may have to give up all the substance of his house. 32 Whoever commits adultery with a woman lacks understanding; He who does so destroys his own soul. 33 Wounds and dishonor he will get, And his reproach will not be wiped away. 34 For jealousy is a husband’s fury; Therefore he will not spare in the day of vengeance. 35 He will accept no recompense, Nor will he be appeased though you give many gifts.
(Pr 6:32–33 NKJV) —32 Whoever commits adultery with a woman lacks understanding; He who does so destroys his own soul. 33 Wounds and dishonor he will get, And his reproach will not be wiped away.

It’s fun to be tempted.  Sin is fun … for a moment.

But afterwards there are terrible prices to be paid for sin.

3:7-11 Othniel

:7 So the children of Israel did evil in the sight of the LORD. They forgot the LORD their God, and served the Baals and Asherahs.

:7 Baals and Asherahs

Male and female “gods”

:8 Therefore the anger of the LORD was hot against Israel, and He sold them into the hand of Cushan-Rishathaim king of Mesopotamia; and the children of Israel served Cushan-Rishathaim eight years.

:8 Cushan-Rishathaim – “Cushan of Double Wickedness”

:8 Mesopotamia

Between the Rivers” – the land if Iraq today, between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.

:9 When the children of Israel cried out to the LORD, the Lord raised up a deliverer for the children of Israel, who delivered them: Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother.

:10 The Spirit of the LORD came upon him, and he judged Israel. He went out to war, and the Lord delivered Cushan-Rishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand; and his hand prevailed over Cushan-Rishathaim.

:10 The Spirit of the LORD

We see our first glimpse of the Holy Spirit in the book of Judges.

There are SEVEN mentions of the Holy Spirit in the book of Judges.
(Jdg 3:10 NKJV) —10 The Spirit of the LORD came upon him, and he judged Israel. He went out to war, and the LORD delivered Cushan-Rishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand; and his hand prevailed over Cushan-Rishathaim.
(Jdg 6:34 NKJV) —34 But the Spirit of the LORD came upon Gideon; then he blew the trumpet, and the Abiezrites gathered behind him.
(Jdg 11:29 NKJV) —29 Then the Spirit of the LORD came upon Jephthah, and he passed through Gilead and Manasseh, and passed through Mizpah of Gilead; and from Mizpah of Gilead he advanced toward the people of Ammon.
(Jdg 13:25 NKJV) —25 And the Spirit of the LORD began to move upon him at Mahaneh Dan between Zorah and Eshtaol.
(Jdg 14:6 NKJV) —6 And the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him, and he tore the lion apart as one would have torn apart a young goat, though he had nothing in his hand. But he did not tell his father or his mother what he had done.
(Jdg 14:19 NKJV) —19 Then the Spirit of the LORD came upon him mightily, and he went down to Ashkelon and killed thirty of their men, took their apparel, and gave the changes of clothing to those who had explained the riddle. So his anger was aroused, and he went back up to his father’s house.
(Jdg 15:14 NKJV) —14 When he came to Lehi, the Philistines came shouting against him. Then the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him; and the ropes that were on his arms became like flax that is burned with fire, and his bonds broke loose from his hands.

The men that God uses are men who are filled with the Holy Spirit.

:10 he judged Israel. He went out to war

The idea is that he brought repentance to the nation. He cleansed the nation of its idolatry. He got the nation back on track spiritually.

Then he went to battle.

:11 So the land had rest for forty years. Then Othniel the son of Kenaz died.

:9 Othniel – “lion of God”

We met Othniel last week.  He’s the fellow that captured the city of Debir (1:13) and was rewarded by Caleb giving him Achsah, Caleb’s daughter, to be his wife.

Lesson

Building on the Tests

I like the fact that this first “judge” was someone who had a history.
He was someone who had previous battle experience. He was tested.
We may not always like going through the battles of life, but battle experience makes us more useful in the future, it helps us with the things up ahead.
PlayConnecting the Dots” video clip
I think it all starts with learning to say “yes” to God.
When I go through a hard time, a testing time, I need to turn to God and say “yes”, “whatever you want me to do I will do”.
When I say “no”, I often find that I have to re-take the test at some later time.

3:12-30 Ehud

:12 And the children of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD. So the LORD strengthened Eglon king of Moab against Israel, because they had done evil in the sight of the LORD.

:13 Eglon – “calf-like”

:13 Then he gathered to himself the people of Ammon and Amalek, went and defeated Israel, and took possession of the City of Palms.

:13 the City of Palms

This is another name for the city of Jericho.

Even though there was a curse placed by Joshua on anyone who rebuilt Jericho, there were apparently people living at the site without having built the walls and gates.

Jericho is the first city across the Jordan from the land of Moab.

Eglon sets up a sort of headquarters in Jericho.

When Joshua defeated Jericho, there was a curse placed on the city against anyone who would rebuild the city.

(Jos 6:26 NKJV) —26 Then Joshua charged them at that time, saying, “Cursed be the man before the Lord who rises up and builds this city Jericho; he shall lay its foundation with his firstborn, and with his youngest he shall set up its gates.”
This curse would come to pass during the days of Ahab when a fellow named Hiel rebuilt the city.
(1 Ki 16:34 NKJV) —34 In his days Hiel of Bethel built Jericho. He laid its foundation with Abiram his firstborn, and with his youngest son Segub he set up its gates, according to the word of the Lord, which He had spoken through Joshua the son of Nun.
But apparently without rebuilding the city as a full city, there were people living at the site without rebuilding the fortifications and walls.

:14 So the children of Israel served Eglon king of Moab eighteen years.

:14 eighteen years

They served the king of Mesopotamia for eight years.  This time it’s Eglon for eighteen.

It’s taking longer for the people to turn around and call on God for help.

Lesson

Don’t get comfortable in your sin.

Sometimes we tend to “sleep” through things we ought to be waking up for.
Illustration
A big executive boarded a New York to Chicago train. He explained to the porter, “I’m a heavy sleeper, but I want you to be sure and wake me up at 3:00 am for the stop in Buffalo. I don’t care what I say, you just make sure I get off in Buffalo.” The next morning the executive woke up in Chicago. He was furious. He found the porter and really gave him an earful before hustling off to purchase a return ticket. After he left, a co-worker said to the porter, “How can you stand there and let that passenger abuse you like that?” “That’s nothing,” said the porter. “You should have heard the guy who I put off in Buffalo!”
Our hearts can become hardened and callused to sin. Instead of “getting off” where we should, we sleep right through and end up in trouble.

:15 But when the children of Israel cried out to the LORD, the LORD raised up a deliverer for them: Ehud the son of Gera, the Benjamite, a left-handed man. By him the children of Israel sent tribute to Eglon king of Moab.

:15 Ehud – “I will give thanks”

Josephus (Antiquities – 5:4:2) describes Ehud –

There was a young man of the tribe of Benjamin, whose name was Ehud, the son of Gera, a man of very great courage in bold undertakings, and of a very strong body, fit for hard labor, but best skilled in using his left hand, in which was his whole strength

:16 Now Ehud made himself a dagger (it was double-edged and a cubit in length) and fastened it under his clothes on his right thigh.

:17 So he brought the tribute to Eglon king of Moab. (Now Eglon was a very fat man.)

:16 under his clothes on his right thigh

Sort of secret-agent style.  The first Mossad agent.

:17 a very fat man

For some reason, I’ve always pictured Eglon looking something like Jabba the Hut.

:18 And when he had finished presenting the tribute, he sent away the people who had carried the tribute.

:19 But he himself turned back from the stone images that were at Gilgal, and said, “I have a secret message for you, O king.” He said, “Keep silence!” And all who attended him went out from him.

:19 he himself turned back

Apparently Ehud and his entourage had headed off towards Gilgal.  Ehud sends them on up ahead while he goes back to talk with Eglon.

:20 So Ehud came to him (now he was sitting upstairs in his cool private chamber). Then Ehud said, “I have a message from God for you.” So he arose from his seat.

:21 Then Ehud reached with his left hand, took the dagger from his right thigh, and thrust it into his belly.

:22 Even the hilt went in after the blade, and the fat closed over the blade, for he did not draw the dagger out of his belly; and his entrails came out.

:22 his entrails came out

The Old King James has an interesting translation:

(Jdg 3:22 AV) … and the dirt came out.

Years ago I heard Jon Courson teach on this passage and his point was this:

“The sword went in and the dirt came out”
Jon took this picture of what God’s Word does in our lives – how it washes and cleanses us.

Put the sword in and let the dirt come out.

Sometimes you can’t escape the filth that the world throws on you – how do you handle those dirty thoughts?  Sword in, dirt comes out.

:23 Then Ehud went out through the porch and shut the doors of the upper room behind him and locked them.

:24 When he had gone out, Eglon’s servants came to look, and to their surprise, the doors of the upper room were locked. So they said, “He is probably attending to his needs in the cool chamber.”

:24  attending to his needs

This is a polite way of saying that the servants thought that Eglon was going to the bathroom and they didn’t want to bother him.

:25 So they waited till they were embarrassed, and still he had not opened the doors of the upper room. Therefore they took the key and opened them. And there was their master, fallen dead on the floor.

:26 But Ehud had escaped while they delayed, and passed beyond the stone images and escaped to Seirah.

:27 And it happened, when he arrived, that he blew the trumpet in the mountains of Ephraim, and the children of Israel went down with him from the mountains; and he led them.

:28 Then he said to them, “Follow me, for the Lord has delivered your enemies the Moabites into your hand.” So they went down after him, seized the fords of the Jordan leading to Moab, and did not allow anyone to cross over.

:29 And at that time they killed about ten thousand men of Moab, all stout men of valor; not a man escaped.

:30 So Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. And the land had rest for eighty years.

:28 the fords of the Jordan

Play “Moab Crossing” map video

Eglon had set up his Israel headquarters near the old city of Jericho.  Ehud had been heading back to Gilgal when he turned back to kill Eglon.  When the Moabites realize their king has been killed, they all decide to head back home to Moab, on the other side of the Jordan.
But Ehud has outflanked them and has already captured the crossing point at the Jordan River and he kills all the Moabites trying to flee to Moab.

3:31 Shamgar

:31 After him was Shamgar the son of Anath, who killed six hundred men of the Philistines with an ox goad; and he also delivered Israel.

:31 Shamgar – “sword” (in Chinese it’s translated “Jackie Chan”)

:31 ox goad

A pointy stick with a metal tip, about 8-10 feet long, to direct animals.

We have found archive footage of Shamgar in action.  He was a martial arts master.

PlayForbidden Kingdom” clip.

4:1-24  Deborah

:1 When Ehud was dead, the children of Israel again did evil in the sight of the Lord.

:2 So the Lord sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, who reigned in Hazor. The commander of his army was Sisera, who dwelt in Harosheth Hagoyim.

:2 JabinYabiyn – “whom God observes”

:2 Hazor

A major city north of the Sea of Galilee

:2 Harosheth Hagoyim

Harosheth of the Gentiles.

33 miles southwest of Hazor in the valley of Megiddo

:3 And the children of Israel cried out to the Lord; for Jabin had nine hundred chariots of iron, and for twenty years he had harshly oppressed the children of Israel.

:4 Now Deborah, a prophetess, the wife of Lapidoth, was judging Israel at that time.

:5 And she would sit under the palm tree of Deborah between Ramah and Bethel in the mountains of Ephraim. And the children of Israel came up to her for judgment.

:4 Deborah – “bee”  (or, “gorgeous”)

I know this is going to sound sexist to some.

I believe that God wants men to be strong leaders.
But sometimes there are no men around who are strong leaders.
What if there are no men who are willing to lead?
Sometimes God uses a woman. 
Don’t be too quick to judge those churches who are ordaining women – perhaps there are no men to step up.
I don’t mean to say that when God uses a woman it’s only “second best”
But as you’re going to see, the male leaders in Deborah’s day were not exactly willing to step up to the plate.

Lesson

God uses women

God is not against women.  God uses women.
When the priests rediscovered God’s word during the reign of King Josiah (2Ki. 22), the king was very disturbed by the things he was reading in the scriptures. He sent a delegation, including the high priest, to go and “inquire” of God whether He was going to wipe out the nation or not.
How did they “inquire of the Lord”? They went to a prophetess, Huldah (2Ki. 22:14).

Was this because there were no men who could speak for the Lord? That’s possible, but however you want to look at it, God used a woman.

Keep in mind as you read about Deborah, you will not find a single negative comment about her. You will not find a word stating, “Gosh, it would have been nice if a man had been judging Israel, but we’ll take whatever we can get”.

:4 Lapidoth – “torches”

:4 between Ramah and Bethel

Play Deborah’s Battle map video

Deborah lives about 75 miles south of where Jabin rules from.
Jabin’s city is in Hazor north of Galilee, his general Sisera lives in Harosheth, to the southwest.
Barak lives in Kadesh along the southern edge of the Sea of Galilee.
Mount Tabor will be a place of action as will the River Kishon.

:6 Then she sent and called for Barak the son of Abinoam from Kedesh in Naphtali, and said to him, “Has not the Lord God of Israel commanded, ‘Go and deploy troops at Mount Tabor; take with you ten thousand men of the sons of Naphtali and of the sons of Zebulun;

:7 and against you I will deploy Sisera, the commander of Jabin’s army, with his chariots and his multitude at the River Kishon; and I will deliver him into your hand’?”

Apparently the major victory would take place near the river Kishon, in the vicinity of the city of Megiddo (Judg. 5:19-21). Part of the victory seems to be the flooding of the river that caused the chariots to be useless in the fight.

:8 And Barak said to her, “If you will go with me, then I will go; but if you will not go with me, I will not go!”

:8 If you will go with me

In a way, this could seem kind of admirable of Barak. He recognizes that God is using Deborah, and perhaps he wants to be as clued in to God’s leading as possible. Some have suggested that it is almost admirable of Barak because the ancients would tend to take the things most dear to them to the battlefield as a way of encouraging themselves to fight bravely.

But Barak’s limitations are going to affect his life.

Barak is putting limitations on what God can do. He just can’t see how God can work unless Deborah is present.

Lesson

Over-dependence upon people

I see it in the church at times when we can get the idea that unless a certain person shows up, man or woman, that God certainly can’t work.
All that’s important at church is that GOD shows up.
It’s kind of interesting that the story we’re looking at is about a man who was too dependent upon a woman.
Sometimes this can happen inside a marriage, where a man is not willing to be the head of the home. He becomes so dependent upon his wife that he is unable to think for himself or make a decision by himself.

:9 So she said, “I will surely go with you; nevertheless there will be no glory for you in the journey you are taking, for the Lord will sell Sisera into the hand of a woman.” Then Deborah arose and went with Barak to Kedesh.

:9 no glory for you

It seems pretty clear that Deborah is saying that because Barak was being dependent upon her, a woman, that the honor of the battle wouldn’t go to him, but to a woman.

Lesson

Don’t give your rewards away.

God has a work to do. Sometimes He will tap you on the shoulder and ask you to step up.
When I begin to make excuses, God will still get the work done, but He may do it through another and I may lose out on having received all that God wants for me.
Moses – he made excuses as to why God couldn’t use him. He thought that he wasn’t eloquent enough with his speech. God dickered back and forth with Moses for awhile, but there came a point where God simply said in frustration, “Okay, then I’ll use your brother Aaron!”
Esther – she was a little reluctant when she first found out about the plot by Haman to have all the Jews in the Persian empire be destroyed. But her uncle Mordecai said to her –
(Es 4:14 NKJV) For if you remain completely silent at this time, relief and deliverance will arise for the Jews from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. Yet who knows whether you have come to the kingdom for such a time as this?”

God will use someone else if He has to. But why would you not want to see what God could do through you?

Esther stood up and took on the challenge.

Show Map when reading.

:10 And Barak called Zebulun and Naphtali to Kedesh; he went up with ten thousand men under his command, and Deborah went up with him.

:11 Now Heber the Kenite, of the children of Hobab the father-in-law of Moses, had separated himself from the Kenites and pitched his tent near the terebinth tree at Zaanaim, which is beside Kedesh.

:12 And they reported to Sisera that Barak the son of Abinoam had gone up to Mount Tabor.

See Tabor

:13 So Sisera gathered together all his chariots, nine hundred chariots of iron, and all the people who were with him, from Harosheth Hagoyim to the River Kishon.

Harosheth Hagoyim to the River Kishon

:14 Then Deborah said to Barak, “Up! For this is the day in which the Lord has delivered Sisera into your hand. Has not the Lord gone out before you?” So Barak went down from Mount Tabor with ten thousand men following him.

:15 And the Lord routed Sisera and all his chariots and all his army with the edge of the sword before Barak; and Sisera alighted from his chariot and fled away on foot.

Part of the victory seems to be the flooding of the river Kishon that caused the chariots to be useless in the fight. (Judg. 5:19-21)

:16 But Barak pursued the chariots and the army as far as Harosheth Hagoyim, and all the army of Sisera fell by the edge of the sword; not a man was left.

:17 However, Sisera had fled away on foot to the tent of Jael, the wife of Heber the Kenite; for there was peace between Jabin king of Hazor and the house of Heber the Kenite.

:18 And Jael went out to meet Sisera, and said to him, “Turn aside, my lord, turn aside to me; do not fear.” And when he had turned aside with her into the tent, she covered him with a blanket.

:19 Then he said to her, “Please give me a little water to drink, for I am thirsty.” So she opened a jug of milk, gave him a drink, and covered him.

Some suggest it was warm yogurt.

:20 And he said to her, “Stand at the door of the tent, and if any man comes and inquires of you, and says, ‘Is there any man here?’ you shall say, ‘No.’ ”

:21 Then Jael, Heber’s wife, took a tent peg and took a hammer in her hand, and went softly to him and drove the peg into his temple, and it went down into the ground; for he was fast asleep and weary. So he died.

:21 Jael, Heber’s wife

Just as Deborah promised, a woman did what a man refused.

Illustration

WOMEN'S BRAINS COST LESS

The patient’s family gathered to hear what the specialists had to say. “Things don’t look good. The only chance is a brain transplant. This is an experimental procedure. It might work, but the bad news is that brains are very expensive, and you will have to pay the costs yourselves.” “Well, how much does a brain cost?” asked the relatives. “For a male brain, $500,000. For a female brain, $200,000.” Some of the younger male relatives tried to look shocked, but all the men nodded in understanding, and a few actually smirked. Then the patient asked, “Why the difference in price between male brains and female brains?” “A standard pricing practice,” said the head of the team, “women’s brains have to be marked down because they are used.”

:22 And then, as Barak pursued Sisera, Jael came out to meet him, and said to him, “Come, I will show you the man whom you seek.” And when he went into her tent, there lay Sisera, dead with the peg in his temple.

:23 So on that day God subdued Jabin king of Canaan in the presence of the children of Israel.

:24 And the hand of the children of Israel grew stronger and stronger against Jabin king of Canaan, until they had destroyed Jabin king of Canaan.

:23 God subdued Jabin

Lesson

God gets the credit

Jesus said,
(Mt 5:16 NKJV) Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works and glorify your Father in heaven.
God’s desire is that we learn to do things in such a way so that God is the one who gets the credit in the end.